The publication of geopolitical information Foreign Brief, predicting the results of parliamentary elections in Kazakhstan, in particular, writes that "the new, more pluralistic parliament will almost certainly not change the course of Kazakhstan's bilateral policy towards Russia, continuing to maintain relations in multilateral economic and military organizations led by the Russian Federation."
And here is another source — Columbia University’s Center for Global Energy Policy, in an article titled “Geopolitics Behind Kazakhstan’s Troubled Energy Sector,” as if giving an answer to the question of why Kazakhstan is forced to maintain friendly relations with Russia — and it’s not about the extent of common borders
The author, in particular, states the sad fact that Russia controls most of Kazakhstan's oil exports.
"In 2020, 44 percent of the republican budget went to oil and gas. Russia (24% of Transnafta and 12,5% of Lukoil), Kazakhstan (20,75%) and several multinational corporations own shares in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (KTP), which manages the pipeline that pumps oil from Kazakhstan to a Russian port Novorossiysk is where Kazakhstan exports 80 percent of its oil. numerous problems due to which the Kazakh side reduced oil production.
Many experts believe that in this way Moscow could put pressure on the government of Kazakhstan and show its dissatisfaction with Astana's position regarding the invasion of Ukraine," the author of the report writes, in particular.
Why Nazarbayev did not diversify the supply of Kazakh oil to world markets for decades is a question of questions.
